Solar Battery Charging

A close image of the top of a car battery. On the upper left is the negative terminal connection with a black cable in the middle are three red cell access caps and in the bottom right the positive terminal with a black cable connected.
Learning Goals

Learning Goals:

  1. . Students will build series, parallel, and parallel series circuits from a schematic diagram.
  2. Students will master the basic concept of battery charging.
  3. Students will be able to plan and build solar battery chargers for a given battery system.
  4. Intermediate students will calculate time to charge a depleted battery to its full capacity given specifications of a solar module.
  5. Students will be able to explain how a solar cell works with diagrams and words.
  6. Students will use a digital multi-meter to measure voltage, current, resistance, and diode polarity.
Materials List

Handouts

Classroom Supplies (for 30 students)

  • 1-2 250 Watt halogen work lamps
  • 20 Diodes
  • 100 Connectors
  • Wires (red and black)
  • 50 LEDs
  • 50 2-Volt mini incandescent bulbs cut from Christmas lights
  • Solar cell fragments at least 1 cm2
  • 16 Digital multi-meters (one for every two students)
  • Extra fuses for the multi-meters
  • 7 AAA Batteries
  • 16 AA Batteries
  • 4 C Batteries
  • 4 D Batteries
  • 1 9V Battery
  • 16 0.5-Volt PV modules
  • 14 1.5-Volt PV modules
  • 5 2-Volt PV modules
  • 2 5-Volt PV modules
  • 1 6-Volt PV module

Important Links

Next Generation Science Standards

Next Generation Science Standards

  • MS-ETS1-3. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.
  • MS-ETS1-4. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.
  • HS-PS3-3. Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy
  • HS-ESS3-4. Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems.*
  • HS-ETS1-2. Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.

Time: 5-10 hour periods

Students will become familiar with circuits, cells, batteries, and photovoltaic cells, then plan, build, test, modify, and re-test a small solar battery charger designed to maintain batteries from a particular device.

 

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