When and Why Do We Build Dams?

A photo of a green field. From the top center to the bottom left is a a water pipe. At the top of the photo the pipe is connected to a water storage tank. Students kneel on the left side of the pipe.
Phenomena: Moving Water Can Generate Electricity

The gravitational potential energy of water to harness kinetic moving water to turn turbines which generate electrical energy.

Lesson 1: Introduction to Water Power

This lesson introduced Water Power by engaging students’ prior knowledge of energy, electricity, and water. It is adapted from NEED’s “Energy of Moving Water” materials

Lesson 2: The Basics of Energy, Electricity, and Water

This lesson allows student groups to jigsaw background information on energy, electricity, and water. It is adapted from NEED’s “Energy of Moving Water” materials.

Lesson 3: Exploring Electromagnets

Students build and test an electromagnet to increase their understanding of the relationship between magnets and electricity and how magnets can create energy.

Lesson 4: History of Hydroelectric Power/What Does a Dam Do?

Students will learn about the history of hydropower and the types of dams in use today, using the Hoover Dam as a case study.

Lesson 5: How Variables Impact Hydroelectric Output

This hands-on lesson uses a gravity-fed hydroelectric water source with two different piping setups for students to test the effect of penstock size and elevation drop on hydroelectric output.

Lesson 6: Turbine Blade Design Engineering

This teacher-adapted lesson is based on the NEED Project’s Energy of Moving Water unit where students apply engineering design to determine the voltage produced by hub/blade combinations and how the number of turbine blades affects electrical output.

Lesson 7: Future Water Power Technologies

This teacher-adapted lesson is based on the NEED Project’s Energy of Moving Water unit where students learn about new technologies being developed in the hydropower industry.

Lesson 8: Hydropower Dams: Learning Through Stakeholder Research

Students explore the risks and benefits of hydropower by assuming the role of a stakeholder, conducting research, and presenting to the class their findings. Students learn through taking notes on a T chart and comparing and contrasting arguments for and against building a dam.

8 Lessons / 15 hours

Students will demonstrate basic understanding of electricity generation and basic components of a hydroelectric dam. They will research, design and test turbines for hydroelectric generation. Students will research and defend(opinion stance) various people groups and social justice factors(tribal rights, salmon protection & energy access) connected with water storage, flood/irrigation support and electricity production/distribution.

Overview

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