Electrical Engineering: Why Does the Electrical System Break Down?

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Phenomena: A Power Outage

The anchoring event, a power outage, should be a relatively common experience among our students. It is important to start with their own experiences, asking them to share out about their experience with a power outage. This unit uses the Texas Power Outage of 2021 as it’s anchoring event.

Learning Goals:

  1. Students will be able explain how simple circuits work using concepts of potential difference/voltage, current, and resistance.
  2. Students will create a model of how electricity works within our power grid including power plants, power lines, transformers, and electrical outlets.
  3. Students will be able to demonstrate the concept of electromagnetism through an electromagnet, motor, and generator.
Materials List

Handouts

Classroom Supplies

  • Scotch tape
  • Balloons
  • Small pieces of paper (i.e. hole punches)
  • Van de Graaff Generator
  • Rabbit fur
  • Foil
  • Small bulbs
  • Batteries
  • Wires
  • Nails
  • Insulated copper wire
  • Wires with alligator clips
  • Small compasses
  • Small magnets
  • Paperclips
  • World’s Simplest Motor (example)
  • Multimeters
  • Hand crank generators (example)

Important Links

Next Generation Science Standards

Next Generation Science Standards

  • HS-PS2-4 Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects.
  • HS-PS2-5 Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electric current can produce a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electric current.
  • HS-PS3-3 Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy.
  • HS-PS3-5 Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electric or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction.
  • HS-ESS3-2 Evaluate competing design solutions for developing, managing, and utilizing energy and mineral resources based on cost-benefit ratios.
  • HS-ESS3-4 Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems.
  • HS-ETS1-2 Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.
  • HS-ETS1-3 Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and trade-offs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.

18 Lessons / Time varies 30 mins - 3 hours per lesson

This Unit appears as a part of the following:
Water Power Implementation Toolkit

This is a teacher recommended unit from Ambitious Science Teaching.

This unit, developed through the Ambitious Science Teaching framework, attempts to create cohesive, model-based learning experience for high school level physics students to explore these concepts through the anchoring event of a power outages. They will explore our electrical system from simple circuits and the function of a switch, tracing the electrical energy back through the power grid, to how generators use electromagnetism to create this energy that powers our lives.

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