Falling Water

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Learning Goals

Learning Goals:

  1. Describe an object’s varying potential energy as being dependant on its height above the Earth’s surface.
  2. Explain the path of potential energy converted into kinetic energy as objects fall.
  3. List ways that the energy of falling water is used to do work.
  4. Describe how engineers use the potential and kinetic energy measurements of water to design reservoirs and hydroelectric power plants.
Materials List

Handouts

Classroom Supplies

  • 1 or 2 plastic, gallon sized milk containers to distribute water, preferably colored with food coloring

Group Supplies (3 per group)

  • Plastic drinking straw; clear is best
  • Cup or glass
  • Meter stick
  • Pencil or pen
  • Marking pens
  • 12-16 Sheets newsprint or blank paper

Important Links

Next Generation Science Standards

Next Generation Science Standards

  • 4-PS3-1 Use evidence to construct an explanation relating the speed of an object to the energy of that object. (Grade 4)
  • MS-PS3-2 Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. (Grades 6 – 8)

Time: 45 minutes

This lesson appears as a part of the following:
Water Power Implementation Toolkit

This is a teacher recommended lesson from Teach Engineering.

This lesson has students drop water from different heights to demonstrate the conversion of water’s potential energy to kinetic energy. They see how varying the height from which water is dropped affects the splash size. They follow good experiment protocol, take measurements, calculate averages, and graph results. In seeing how falling water can be used to do work, they also learn how this energy transformation figures into the engineering design and construction of hydroelectric power plants, dams, and reservoirs.

 

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